Industrial Process Automation-Control Systems Engineering

SIL Notes Objective : SIL assignment establishes the risk reduction needed for each                     process system to protect against one or more hazards,                      The risk reduction is calculated as the gap between the existing risk posed by the                          process or  equipment and the risk target.                     Risk reduction (Layer of Protection) is provided by process and mechanical                                  integrity, Independent Protection Layers (IPLs) and required Safety Instrumented                      Systems (SIS). Scope :  The SIL level of each...

HAZOP notes *1 >>> The HAZOP study is primarily an audit review or problem              identification analysis based on Process P&ID-CE,F&G CE *2>>>  Problems associated with any design,were identified in a highly systematic manner studies *3>>> The objectives of  project basis HAZOP study were to identify process or operability related hazards such as potential for over pressure/under pressure and the toxicity/ flammable properties of process gas, fluid and to identify specific safeguards which are used to  control or eliminate the hazards *4>>> The operability hazards considered were generally operational upsets leading to serious consequences.Systems such as emergency isolation valves, gas detection,drainage, fire proofing, pressure relief and emergency depressurization systems were evaluated on the basis of their effect  on the process and operability hazards. Large portions...